DNA analysis became an effective helper of genealogists. The most common tests are targeting mitochondrial DNA and Y-chromosome - so-called lineage markers.
Mitochondrial DNA is transmitted from mother to her offspring, daughters and sons in every generation. Only daughters can transmit maternal mitochondrial DNA to their children. The Y-chromosome (nuclear DNA) is strictly inherited along the paternal line from father to son, in some populations following the same pattern as surnames.
These hereditary generation systems (mitochondrial DNA and Y-chromosome) create a link between generations and thus can fill the gaps in family trees.